The Craftsman (or Arts and Crafts) movement in America developed as a reaction against the machine-made ornamental excess of the Victorian era. This was a back-to-nature movement, reflecting a desire to return to simpler times when craftsmen worked with their hands and took pride in detail. Structural detail and the use of good materials were prized over applied ornamentation. The bungalow has its roots in California, where this style was well suited to the warm climate. It then spread across the country to become one of the most common middle-class designs from 1910 to the 1930's.
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